December 16, 2024 – Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD)—a leading health challenge in cattle production, particularly during times of stress. BRD is one of the most significant health challenges facing the cattle industry, impacting productivity and profitability. The Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service provides research-based information, tools, and strategies to help producers effectively manage and mitigate the effects of BRD within their herds. BRD, often referred to as “shipping fever,” is a multifactorial disease caused by a combination of stress, viral infections, and bacterial pathogens. It commonly affects cattle during times of stress, such as weaning, transportation, or commingling. The disease leads to inflammation of the lungs, reduced growth rates, and even death if left untreated, making early detection and prevention critical.
The AgriLife Extension emphasizes proactive herd management to minimize BRD risks. Key prevention strategies include proper vaccination protocols, biosecurity measures, and stress management. Vaccinating calves before weaning against respiratory viruses like IBR, BVD, PI3, and BRSV is essential to build immunity. Additionally, maintaining a biosecurity plan helps limit exposure to pathogens introduced by new or returning cattle.
Proper nutrition and management practices also play a critical role in reducing the incidence of BRD. Providing balanced diets, adequate mineral supplementation, and clean water ensures that cattle maintain a strong immune system. Stress reduction techniques, such as low-stress weaning methods and careful handling, further decrease susceptibility to respiratory infections.
For producers dealing with active BRD cases, early diagnosis and treatment are vital. AgriLife Extension promotes the use of observation tools to identify symptoms like nasal discharge, coughing, fever, or labored breathing. Producers are encouraged to work closely with veterinarians to develop treatment protocols, which often include administering antibiotics to combat bacterial infections.
The Texas A&M AgriLife Extension also supports producers with educational resources, workshops, and on-site consultations. These programs help producers implement best practices tailored to their specific operations, focusing on long-term herd health and disease prevention.
By prioritizing prevention, early detection, and effective treatment, AgriLife Extension equips cattle producers with the tools they need to reduce the economic impact of BRD. Through informed management and care, producers can improve herd health, enhance performance, and contribute to the sustainability of the cattle industry
Key Aspects of BRD Management
Causes of BRD
BRD is a complex disease involving Stress Factors: Weaning, transportation, crowding, or weather changes weaken the immune system.
Viral Pathogens: Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Parainfluenza-3 (PI3), and Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV).
Bacterial Pathogens: Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni often contribute to secondary infections.
Symptoms of BRD: Depression or lethargy. Loss of appetite.
Fever (rectal temperatures >104°F). Labored breathing or coughing. Nasal discharge (clear or cloudy). Drooping ears and head.
Prevention Strategies
Vaccination: Administer vaccines for viral and bacterial agents before high-stress periods like weaning or transport.
Minimize Stress: Gradual weaning, proper transportation, and handling techniques reduce stress.
Biosecurity: Isolate new or sick animals to prevent the spread of pathogens.
Nutrition: Ensure adequate nutrition, including mineral and vitamin supplementation, to boost
immunity.
4. Management Practices
Preconditioning Programs: Include vaccinations, deworming, castration, and weaning before
moving to feedlots.
Environmental Management: Provide adequate ventilation, clean bedding, and reduce
overcrowding to limit disease spread.
Monitoring: Observe cattle closely for early signs of illness, particularly during high-risk periods.
5. Treatment Options
Antibiotics: Use under veterinary guidance, targeting specific bacterial pathogens.
Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Help reduce fever and inflammation.
Early Intervention: Prompt treatment improves outcomes and reduces losses.
6. Resources from Texas A&M AgriLife
Texas A&M AgriLife Extension can help implement BRD prevention and control strategies in your herd. Check their website or contact the Hopkins County Extension Office at 903-885-3443. Preventing BRD is cost-effective and ensures cattle remain healthy and productive, improving overall herd profitability.
